appium三种等待元素的方法-自动化测试

　　学过selenium的都知道，一般等待元素加载有三种办法:

　　(1)sleep 强制等待。示例：Thread.sleep(60000)

　　(2)implicitlyWait 隐式等待。全局等待30s不管元素是否已经加载

　　示例：driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

　　(3)WebDriverWait 显示等待，这个需要增加一定等待时间，显示等待时间可以通过WebDriverWait 和util来决定,比如这个timeOut是60，如果该元素60s以内出现就不在等待

　　WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 60);

　　WebElement e= wait.until(new ExpectedCondition() {

　　@Override

　　public WebElement apply(WebDriver d) {

　　return d.findElement(By.id("q"));

　　}

　　})

　　以上三种方法中，只用WebDriverWait是selenium所特有，在Java-client中也找不到相应的，如果想使用这种方法怎么办?

　　改造轮子，首先添加AndroidDriverWait.java, 其实是将WebDriverWait的类型改成AndroidDriverWait

　　具体代码如下：

　　import org.openqa.selenium.NotFoundException;

　　import org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException;

　　import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

　　import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException;

　　import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;

　　import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Clock;

　　import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait;

　　import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Sleeper;

　　import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.SystemClock;

　　import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;

　　import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

　　/**

　　* A specialization of {@link FluentWait} that uses WebDriver instances.

　　*/

　　public class AndroidDriverWait extends FluentWait{

　　public final static long DEFAULT_SLEEP_TIMEOUT = 500;

　　private final WebDriver driver;

　　/**

　　* Wait will ignore instances of NotFoundException that are encountered (thrown) by default in

　　* the 'until' condition, and immediately propagate all others. You can add more to the ignore

　　* list by calling ignoring(exceptions to add).

　　*

　　* @param driver The WebDriver instance to pass to the expected conditions

　　* @param timeOutInSeconds The timeout in seconds when an expectation is called

　　* @see AndroidDriverWait#ignoring(java.lang.Class)

　　*/

　　public AndroidDriverWait(AndroidDriver driver, long timeOutInSeconds) {

　　this(driver, new SystemClock(), Sleeper.SYSTEM_SLEEPER, timeOutInSeconds, DEFAULT_SLEEP_TIMEOUT);

　　}

　　/**

　　* Wait will ignore instances of NotFoundException that are encountered (thrown) by default in

　　* the 'until' condition, and immediately propagate all others. You can add more to the ignore

　　* list by calling ignoring(exceptions to add).

　　*

　　* @param driver The WebDriver instance to pass to the expected conditions

　　* @param timeOutInSeconds The timeout in seconds when an expectation is called

　　* @param sleepInMillis The duration in milliseconds to sleep between polls.

　　* @see AndroidDriverWait#ignoring(java.lang.Class)

　　*/

　　public AndroidDriverWait(AndroidDriver driver, long timeOutInSeconds, long sleepInMillis) {

　　this(driver, new SystemClock(), Sleeper.SYSTEM_SLEEPER, timeOutInSeconds, sleepInMillis);

　　}

　　/**

　　* @param driver The WebDriver instance to pass to the expected conditions

　　* @param clock The clock to use when measuring the timeout

　　* @param sleeper Object used to make the current thread go to sleep.

　　* @param timeOutInSeconds The timeout in seconds when an expectation is

　　* @param sleepTimeOut The timeout used whilst sleeping. Defaults to 500ms called.

　　*/

　　public AndroidDriverWait(AndroidDriver driver, Clock clock, Sleeper sleeper, long timeOutInSeconds,

　　long sleepTimeOut) {

　　super(driver, clock, sleeper);

　　withTimeout(timeOutInSeconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

　　pollingEvery(sleepTimeOut, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);

　　ignoring(NotFoundException.class);

　　this.driver = driver;

　　}

　　@Override

　　protected RuntimeException timeoutException(String message, Throwable lastException) {

　　TimeoutException ex = new TimeoutException(message, lastException);

　　ex.addInfo(WebDriverException.DRIVER_INFO, driver.getClass().getName());

　　if (driver instanceof RemoteWebDriver) {

　　RemoteWebDriver remote = (RemoteWebDriver) driver;

　　if (remote.getSessionId() != null) {

　　ex.addInfo(WebDriverException.SESSION_ID, remote.getSessionId().toString());

　　}

　　if (remote.getCapabilities() != null) {

　　ex.addInfo("Capabilities", remote.getCapabilities().toString());

　　}

　　}

　　throw ex;

　　}

　　}

　　接着需要修改接口：ExpectedCondition，将其WebDriver的类型替换为AndroidDriver

　　public interface ExpectedConditionextends Function{}

　　经过修改之后，就可以在appium中直接使用：

　　//wait for 60s if WebElemnt show up less than 60s , then return , until 60s

　　WebElement showClose = new AndroidDriverWait(driver, 60)

　　.until(new ExpectedCondition() {

　　public WebElement apply(AndroidDriver d) {

　　return d.findElement(By

　　.id("com.zhihu.android:id/showcase_close"));

　　}

　　});

　　以上内容为大家介绍了自动化测试中的appium三种等待元素的方法，本文由多测师亲自撰写，希望对大家有所帮助。了解更多自动化测试相关知识：https://www.aichudan.com/xwzx/